What do supermarkets, video games and search engines have in common? They all belong to sectors that have seen major hacks over the last few years, writes Matt Goche, Vice President of Global Security Services, Sungard Availability Services.
The cyberattacks on Tesco Banking, Sony and Yahoo, are just some of the most public examples in demonstrating that the โhacker industryโ is continuing to gather strength, attacking vulnerabilities in both the public and private sector for profit. From corporate industries and political groups, to universities and healthcare systems โ even Twitter โ no one is immune. And yet cyber security is still misunderstood, or worse, underestimated. Cyber criminals are becoming more creative; for each loophole we close or flaw we patch, hackers continually are finding new methods to beat defences. As I scan the cyber horizon looking for emerging threats, here are just a few of the key areas at risk:
Web Applications:
Perhaps the area of highest risk, the threats to web applications are not new but they are increasing. Worryingly, we are seeing more malware targeted specifically at web applications, rather than aimed directly at end points, such as devices or users. The move towards cloud-based software means that more data than ever is available through the web, presenting a potentially low friction access point for hackers to gain entry to an organisationโs network.
Spear Phishing Attacks:
The second area that has seen a major increase is spear phishing attacks. Far more dangerous than the general phishing scams that have been prevalent since the mid-nineties, the new generation uses targeted attacks against specific organisations. They often include malware tailored for the victimโs organisation and which meet the hackerโs objective. To illustrate, a spear phishing attack may include malware specifically designed for a certain organisationโs end points, or some of the capabilities and applications within the target victimโs environments. These targeted attacks, when combined with the nature of the malware thatโs sent, can be even more damaging.
The Internet of Things:
Although a relatively new phenomenon, the Internet of Things (IoT) โ connected devices โ is already being targeted by cyber criminals. There are a growing number of applications that arenโt built from traditional platforms, or unique commercial-off-the-shelf products (COTS) in the way you would normally think of COTS products. Instead, they are one-offs designed for a specific function and tend to have underlying systems that are fairly unique and have received limited vulnerability testing. In the recent past, the potential security vulnerabilities of IoT devices were not a main concern. However, with more and more malware being specifically designed to take advantage of the vulnerabilities of IoT appliances and their capabilities to access a network, not to mention botnets, IoT has quickly jumped up the CIOโs agenda.
Firmware:
Another area expected to see more attacks is at the firmware level. As organisations have moved to the cloud, much of the malware thatโs been designed looks to attack within the container of the hosted tenant. For instance, as the hosted tenant migrates their standard operating systems and applications, the malware is deployed against those systems. More attacks and malware specifically designed for one layer deeper are expected at either the firmware or the orchestration layer. The virtualisation layer could also be a target as it would potentially allow an attacker to compromise more than just the single container. The risk of such attacks has a massive impact on cloud vendors as well as other types of hosting providers.
Whatโs a company to do?
Businesses need to approach the security of their environments in a comprehensive manner, looking at every level of the technology stack to see where a potential new or existing vulnerability could originate and/or be exploited. Some of the proactive measures all organisations can follow to guard against any form of cyberattack:
ยท Implement a Defence in Depth model
Network edge security
Invest in Intrusion Detection and Prevention software
Install robust firewalls including Web Application Firewalls
ยท Conduct regular vulnerability scans
ยท Penetration testing
Safeguard VPN access
Adopt a virtual desktop environment for remote devices.
Block users from installing unauthorised applications
Insist on strong password controls for users
Adhere to basic security doctrines
Disable macro scripts
Implement proxy internet access
Segregate networks
ยท Backup regularly and verify the integrity of those backups
ยท Draw up an Information Security Policy
ยท Create an education programme for users
ยท Develop a practical incident response plan.
With so many moving parts and layers within the business, and so many routes towards ensuring the security of environments, networks, and applications, pairing with an expert security partner can help. Not only can this augment resources, it means you have an army of knowledge on your side, ready to identify, take on and overcome the ever changing and emerging threat-scape all companies face.
